Vol 21, No 3 (2017) > Mechanical Engineering >

Energy Potentials of Briquette Produced from Tannery Solid Waste

Olatunde Ajani Oyelaran 1 , Faralu Muhammed Sani 2 , Olawale Monsur Sanusi 3 , Olusegun Balogun 1 , Adeyinka Okeowo Fagbemigun 2

Affiliations:

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University, P.M.B. 373, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto, Nigeria
  3. Federal University, Oye-Ekiti

 

Abstract: The vast quantity of waste generated from industries is one of the serious outcomes of unplanned development, resulting into quantum of hazardous organic and inorganic waste generating daily. Proper waste management is a challenging issue that must be addressed adequately. This is, therefore, carried out with a view of assessing the energy and combustion quality of tannery solid waste with a view of converting them into briquettes for cooking, heating and small home industries and reducing the menace caused by tannery waste disposal. The results of the experiments showed that the combustion rate ranged between 0.171 and 0.217 g/min, the boiling time ranged between 27.78 to 34.11 minutes, the ignition time was found between 14.2 to 17.4 minutes. The durability test and humidity resistance test showed that the briquettes have durability ranged between 92.12 and 95.04 while the humidity resistance was between 95.34 and 97.95. The carbon content ranged between 40.79 and 45.15%. Other results showed that the fixed carbon ranged between 89.93 and 95.46%, volatile matter 1.61 to 4.56% and the calorific values were found between 18.03 and 21.86 MJ/kg. The fleshing has better quality than the other three wastes studied.
Keywords: calorific value, combustion rate, energy, solid waste, tannery
Published at: Vol 21, No 3 (2017) pages: 122-128
DOI:

Access Counter: 483 views, 544 PDF downloads, .

Full PDF Download

References:

R. Zhang, H.M. El-Mashad, K. Hartman, F. Wang, G. Liu, C. Choate, P. Gamble, Bioresour. Technol. 98/4 (2007) 929.

Cámara de Comercio de Bogotá, Mid Report., March. 2012. (in French).

K. Dhayalan, N.N. Fathima, A. Gnanamani, J.R. Rao, B.U. Nair, T. Ramasami, Waste Manag. 27/6 (2007) 760.

M. Kolomaznik et al, J. Hazard. Mat. 160 (2008) 514.

C. Kantarli, J. Yanik, J. Hazard. Mat. 179 (2010) 348.

M. Gholipour, H. Hashemipour, M.J. Mollashahi, Eng. Appl.Sci. 6 (2011) 10.

N.M. Rane, R.S Sapkal, V.S Sapkal, M.B Patil, S.P Shewale, Int. J. Chem. Sci. Appl. 1 (2010) 65.

S. Santosa, D. Siswanta, S. Sudiono, R. Utarianingrum, Appl. Surf. Sci. 254 (2008) 7846.

D. Berihun, J. Mat. Sci. Eng. 6 (2017) 331.

R. Jini, B. Bijinu, V. Baskaran, N. Bhaskar, Waste Biomass Valoriz. 7 (2016) 439.

B. Ravindran, J.W. Wong, A. Selvam, K. Thirunavukarasu, G. Sekaran, Bioresour. Technol. 217 (2016) 150.

S. Abdulrazak, Y.I. Sulyman, H.I. Bello, A.S. Akanni, Y.A Oniwapele M. Muktar, IOSR J. Environ. Sci. Toxicol. Food Technol. 9 (2015) 96.

C. Sethuraman, K. Srinivas, G. Sekaran, Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res. 4 (2013) 61.

D. Masilamani, V. Srinivasan, R.K. Ramachandran, A. Gopinath, B. Madhan, P. Saravanan, J. Clean. Prod. 164 (2017) 885.

J.F.K. Akinbami, Nigerian J. Renew. Energy. 5 (1997) 131.

Nigeria Environmental Action Team (NEST), Ibadan, 2001, 116.

A. Nemcsics, Természetbúvár, 1 (2003) 37 (in Hungarian).

P. Wilaipon, Am. J. Appl. Sci. 6/1 (2008) 167.

N. Kaliyan, R.V. Morey, Biomass Bioenergy. 33 (2009) 337.

H. Ozgunay, S. Colak, M. Mutlu, M. Akyuz, J. Environ. Stud. 16 (2007) 867.

T. Wessapan, N. Somsuk, T. Borirak, Int. Conf. Mech. Eng. Ubon Ratchathani, 2010.

American Society for Testing and Materials Standards (ASTM- D3173)

American Society for Testing and Materials Standards (ASTM- D3173)

American Society for Testing and Materials Standards (ASTM- D3173)

O.A. Oyelaran, Y.Y. Tudunwada, Iranica J. Energy Environ. 6/3 (2015) 167.

Nigerian Metallurgical Development Centre, Manual of Leco AC – 350 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter, Jos, 2013.

Anonymous, Annual Book of ASTM Methods, vol. 05, 1992, D4239.

S. Bilgin, H. Yilmaz, A. Koger, Agric. Eng. Int. (2015) 185.

T.U. Onuegbu, N.O. Ilochi, I.M. Ogbu, F.O. Obumselu, I. Okafor, Curr. Res. Chem. 4 (2012) 110.

T.U. Onuegbu, U.E. Ekpunobi, I.M. Ogbu, M.O. Ekeoma, F.O. Obumselu, Int. J. Res. Rev. Applied Sci. 7 (2011) 153.

P.D. Grover, S.K. Mishra, Biomass, FAO Asia, 1996, Bangkok, Thailand. CP/RAS/154/NET.

L. Wamukonya, B. Jenkins, Biomass Bioenergy 8/3 (1995) 175.

J.O. Akowuah, F. Kemausuor, S.J. Mitchual, Int. J. Energy Environ. Eng. 3/20 (2012) 6.

J. Chaney, Dissertation, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2010.

G.A. Kranzler, D.C. Davis, N.B. Mason, Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. St. Joseph, MI, 1983, p.9.

C.A. Forero-Núñez, J.A. Méndez-Velásquez, F.E. Sierra-Vargas, Universidad del Norte. 33/1 (2015) 17.

RETSASIA, Results earlier reported for sawdust briquette and torrefied wood, http://www.re tsasia.ait.ac.th/publication/WRERC2005/RONAST WRERC05, 2005.

J.T. Oladeji, Pac. J. Sci. Technol. 13/2 (2012) 80.

DeutschesInstitut fur Normunge, V. DIN, 51731, 1996.

S.J. Mitchual, K. Frimpong-Mensah, N.A. Darkwa, J. Sustain. Bioenergy Syst. 4 (2014) 50.

R.R. Gil, R.P. Giron, M.S. Lozano, B. Ruiz, E. Fuente. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 98 (2012) 129.

BLC Leather Technology Center, Laboratory Rep., Nov, 2003. LR-309, http://www.blcleathertech.com /images/leather-reports/LR309.pdf.

N. Sellin, B.G. De Oliveira, C. Marangoni, O. Souza, A. P.N. De Oliveira, T.M. Novais De Oliveira, Chem. Eng. Trans. 32 (2013) 349.

B.M. Jenkins, L.L. Baxter, T.R. Miles Jr., T.R. Miles, Fuel Process. Technol. 54 (1998) 17.